What Is A Dental Implant?
A dental implant is a screw-shaped artificial tooth root made of titanium, embedded in the jawbone to replace a missing tooth and mimic natural tooth roots. Titanium's biocompatibility ensures that dental implants integrate well with the bone.
When a tooth is lost, the resulting gap must be filled promptly, as the adjacent and opposing teeth may shift over time, leading to misalignment and a crowded appearance. Dental implants are often the preferred treatment option if the patient's health and financial situation allow, as they not only replace the missing tooth but also prevent jawbone resorption. Compared to traditional bridges and full (palatal) dentures, dental implants offer longer-lasting, healthier results and a more natural appearance.
How is the Surgical Implant Procedure Performed?
The surgical implant procedure, used to restore both the aesthetic and functional loss caused by dental absence, is typically performed under local anesthesia.
Initial Evaluation: The process begins with obtaining a 3D image of the patient's jawbone to assess the quality and quantity of the existing bone in detail. If the bone density and volume are insufficient for implant placement, a bone graft (bone powder) may be applied, and the area is allowed to ossify. This bone healing phase generally takes between 3 to 5 months, depending on the treated area and the amount of graft material used.
Implant Placement: Once ossification is complete, the dental implant is placed in the jawbone. A typical waiting period of 2 to 4 months is necessary for the implant to fully integrate (i.e., fuse) with the jawbone before proceeding to the prosthetic phase. The duration may vary based on the brand of the implant and the specific area being treated. During this waiting period, a temporary partial denture may be used, but this depends on the success of the implant surgery and the patient's overall health, which may impact healing.
Healing Caps and Final Restoration: After the integration period, the implant site is reopened with a second minor surgical procedure, during which healing caps are placed. These caps shape the gum, making the prosthetic tooth appear as if it emerges naturally from the gum line. The caps are worn for 7-10 days. The final step is the installation of the permanent denture. After the dental implant procedure, the patient will have stronger and healthier teeth, improving both function and aesthetics.